2017 / 2
Editor-in-Chief Column
Anniversary – the 150th bulletin issue
NATURE
Mineral Resources
The Results of Monitoring of Dangerous Geological and Technogenic Processes on the Territory of the Perm Region in 2016
O.I. Kadebskaya, N.V. Lavrova, M.V.Bogomaz, the Kungur Laboratory, the Mining Institute, the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)
In the article there are done results of the examination of dangerous geological processes on the territory of the Perm region (Rerm kray) in 2016 – failures, cracking, disappearance of lakes. The formation of surface karst forms due to geological structure and anthropogenic factors. There is an increasing number of karst failures as the results of human activities. The information on the elimination of failure is provided too. The results of repeated examinations of failures for several years testify to the active development of karst processes.
Keywords: monitoring of exogenous processes, failure phenomena, karst processes, hazardous geological processes, vanishing lakes, crack, liquidation of failures of surface karst forms.
Water Resources
Forecast Inflow of Water into the Kolyma Reservoir on the Cold Season
M.V. Ushakov, Can.Sc. (Geograph.), the North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute, The Far East Branch, RAS
In the framework to develop a method of water inflow forecast in Kolyma reservoir on the cold season (October-March) spectral analysis showed in the series of 23-25-year cycle inflow. It suggests that the studied series corresponds to the model complex Markov chain. The main predictor for the forecast of inflow in the next six months was the inflow in September. Analysis of the cross-correlation functions revealed a statistically significant correlation inflow of the cold half of the year with the Arctic oscillation index for May with a time lag of 25 years. Verification of the predictive regression equation to independent data showed its suitability: accuracy of the verification forecasts was 80%.
Keywords: inflow of water, runoff depletion, approximation, indices of atmospheric circulation, predictor.
Land Resources and Soils
Soil Diversity of the Protected Natural Area System of Russia
A.A. Prisyazhnaya, Can.Sc. (Biology), the Institute of Basic Biological Problems, RAS, O.V. Chernova, Can.Sc. (Biology), the Severtsov Institute of the Ecology and Evolution, RAS, V.V. Snakin, Dr.Sc. (Biology), the Moscow State University, the Institute of Basic Biological Problems, RAS
In this article the modern network of nature reserves and national parks is discussed. Representation of nature reserved areas in Russia for conservation of natural soil diversity had been estimated on the base of cartographic information. It is identified typological representativeness of the natural soils in the state nature reserves and national parks, which is 56% (64% of soil diversity and 35% of soil complexes diversity). It was found, that reserve areas are allocated irrationally, and it is notable discrepancy between the area of different soil groups in the country and within the protected territories. Therefore, the correction of a modern system of reserves and national parks is necessary. The organization of the new protected territories in the main areas of the soils which aren’t presented on the protected territories will contribute to the optimization of reserved areas network of Russia.
Keywords: biodiversity, soil diversity, protected areas, nature reserve, national park.
V.V. Dokuchaev and Modern Soil Science
G. T. Vorob’ev, Dr. Sc. (Agricult.), the Bryansk Branch of the Society of Soil Scientists them. V.V. Dokuchaev
The article considers the role of the outstanding Russian scientist V.V. Dokuchaev in the establishment and development of the science of soil.
Keywords: soil, soil science, V.V. Dokuchaev, the history of science.
Forest Resources
The Experience of Afforestation in Crimea: from Past to Present
V.G. Kobechinskaya, Can.Sc. (Biology), O.B. Yarosh, Dr.Sc. (Economy), the Crimean Federal University them. V.I. Vernadsky
The analysis of the current state of the first forest reclamation works on planting Crimean pines on the in the vicinity of the city of Theodosia is made. Their state of health and the degree of resistance to the anthropogenic loads are determined. Also there are adduced data on plantations to explain the situation on dynamic in the postwar period, especially considering their area of the peninsula and show perspectives in this sphere.
Keywords: forest melioration, forest taxation characteristics, health state, anthropogenic influence, afforestation dynamics, Crimea.
Biological Resources of Land
Medicinal Plants of the Domestic Mountain Dagestan
S.O. Omarova, Can.Sc. (Biology), Z.M. Mansurova, the Dagestan State University
The history of folk herbal medicine has an equal age of human history. Recipes using medicinal plants constitute an invaluable fund of modern phytotherapy. Dagestan is a rich pantry of medicinal plants. At ancient times these plants were almost the only source of medicines, the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of various diseases has not lost its relevance in the present time. This article is devoted to the study of medicinal plants of the Botlikh district (rayon) of Dagestan and described the scope of their application and use.
Keywords: flora Mountain Dagestan, medicinal plants, herbal medicine, plant resources, classification of medicinal plants.
Water Biological Resources
Microalgae of Phytoplankton and Microphytobenthos as the Indicators of the Black and Azov Seas Ecosystems
L.I. Ryabushko, Dr.Sc. (Biology), V.I. Ryabushko, Dr.Sc. (Biology), the Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Researches, RAS
The problems of the current state and research perspectives of microalgae of plankton and benthos in the Azov and Black seas are studed. With the increase of eutrophication and pollution of marine waters and coastal areas increases the risk of the frequency of occurrence of algal blooms and red tides in the seas, caused by microalgae. They break a sustainable balance of marine ecosystems and have a negative impact on the ecology of aquatic hydrobionts and human health.
Keywords: microphytobenthos, phytoplankton, harmful and toxic species, the Black and Azov seas.
Climatic Resources
The Main Results of the Activities of Roshydromet in 2016
A.V. Frolov, Can.Sc. (Geograph.), the Head, the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring of Russia (Roshydromet)
There is the report of the Head of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, Alexander V. Frolov at the enlarged meeting in Roshydromet (March 15, 2017, Moscow)/ There were summed up the results of activity of Hydrometeorological service of Russia for 2016 and set the priorities of its development in 2017.
Keywords: hydrometeorological forecasts, dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena, observation network, monitoring of environmental pollution, research activities, international cooperation.
Recreational Resources and Special Protected Natural Areas
Specially Protected Natural Territories of Russia: History and Modern State
N.G. Rybalsky, Prof.-Dr.Sc. (Biology)1,2, E.V. Muravyeva1, D.A. Boriskin1, V.R. Khrisanov, Can.Sc. (Geograph.)2,3, S.A. Kruglova3
1National Information Agency «Natural Resources»,
2Presidium of the Russian Ecological Academy,
3Institute of Basicl Problems of Biology, RAS
In the Year of specially protected natural territories of Russia, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the establishment of the first of the existing in the Russian Federation state nature reserves, the article presents the history of creation and development of the Federal protected area system of the country, and the current state of specially protected natural areas of international, Federal, regional and local importance.
Keywords: protected areas, state reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, history and development of the protected areas, protected areas of international, federal, regional and local significance.
Environmental Protection
Organizational and Economic Issues of the Geoecological Survey of the Island White
V.A. Pushkarev, the Deputy of the State Duma, the President of the Russian Centre of Arctic Exploration
Many territories (incl. the Bely Island (Island White) were broken, polluted by oil products, production and household waste as a result of last economic activity. Particularly acute this issue is for the Arctic zone. At the initiative of the county government there was organized the work on geoecological (geoenvironmental) survey of the island with the purpose of inventory of accumulated environmental damage and develop the program for the clean-up. To use this experience in other Arctic entities of the article describes the organizational-economic methods of preparation and execution of these works.
Keywords: geoecological (geoenvironmental) survey, inventory of contaminated sites, accumulated environmental damage, harm, program, tourism.
NATURE AND HUMAN SOCIETY
Anniversaries
The First Academician-Soilscientist (the 150th anniversary of the birth of K.D. Glinka)
The article presents brief information about the life and activities of a student of V.V. Dokuchaev – the first Academician-soil scientist Konstantin Dmitrievich Glinka, who on 5 July will mark the 150th anniversary of the birth.
Keywords: soil, soil science, K. D. Glinka, V.V. Dokuchaev, history of science, history of soil science.
International Cooperation
Analysis of Factors and Consequences of Fast Ratification of the Paris Agreement and its Enter into Force (why Paris Agreement entered into force in one year instead of three and does it creates risks for Russia?)
A.O. Kokorin, Can.Sc. (Phis.-Matemat.), World Wildlife Fund (WWF Russia)
The article analyzes objective economic and financial factors as well as subjective aspects caused fast ratification of the Paris Agreement by almost all leading countries and its enter into force in November, 2016. Emerging potential risks for Russia, which has signed the agreement, but decided to discuss ratification only in 2019, are considered.
Keywords: UN Paris Agreement, greenhouse gases, CO2, climate finance, risks for Russia.
Human Society and Nature
The Impact of the Economic Crisis on the Environmental Consciousness of the Population (Regional Aspect)
A.D. Omelchenko, Can.Sc. (Sociolog.), the Astrakhan State Technical University, S.O. Kalihova, the limited liability company «Caravella»
This article examines the impact of the economic crisis on the manifestation of environmental awareness of inhabitants and tourists of a particular region. The author reveals the importance of priorities of implementation of environmental standards related to the environment through the prism of realization of ecological tours.
Keywords: Astrakhan region; economic crisis; environmental awareness; types of tourism; ecological tourism.
Calendar of Events
III All-Russian Scientific Conference «Water and Environmental Problems of Siberia and Central Asia», dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the Institute of Water and Environmental Problems, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)
All-Russian Water Congress «Water Resources of Russia to Ensure the Country’s Sustainable Development, Environmental Safety and Public Health»
