2013 / 2

Memory of Gleb Vsevolodovich Dobrovolsky (22.09.1915 - 08.04.2013)

NATURE

General Problems of Nature Management

«Greening» of Russian business: implementation of international voluntary standards for environmental risk management

E.A. Schwarts, Dr.Sc. (Geograp.), A.Ju. Knijnikov, Ju.P. Bunina, A.I. Voropaev, A.R. Moiseev, the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) Russia

There are described dynamics of the use of Russian companies such voluntary mechanisms of environmental responsibility as an environmental management system according to ISO 14001 and non-financial reporting in accordance with Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), a voluntary forest certification (FSC) and the voluntary certification of marine biological resources (MSC). Also there are showed a progressive trend of increasing use of voluntary international standards in the key industries of the environmental impact of the Russian economy. With the integration of the Russian economy in the global and joining the leading international economic communities trend towards higher and lower-corruption voluntary environmental standards for industry leaders to continue. Leading Russian companies, whose activities go beyond national borders and trying to use the tools of international finance, will be forced to introduce the practice of corporate governance these approaches. Recommendations for government incentives environmental responsibility and improve the competitiveness of Russian companies are provided.

Keywords: «greening» of business, international voluntary standards, environmental responsibility, environmental management, environmental risks, environmental certification.

Living matter of the biosphere: evolutionary aspect (The continuation. The beginning in bulletin № 1, 2013)

V.V. Snakin, Prof.-Dr.Sc. (Biology), the Institute of Fundamental Problems of Biology, the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), the Moscow State University

There are summarises the main laws of the development of the living matter of the biosphere in order to understand the evolution of modern features and identify the role of people. There are analysed the current global trend of environmental processes from the perspective of the laws of development autogenous (self development) too. Available data show that the modern evolution of ecosystems is yet to autogenous way and do not have sufficient scientific basis for the assertion of the occurrence of the global environmental crisis. The problems of modern environmental alarmism and the concept of sustainable development are also discussed.

Keywords: V.I. Vernadsky, biosphere, noosphere, evolution, global environmental processes, environmental alarmism, sustainable development.

Mineral Resources

Iron-oxide-phosphorous-rare earth element mineralisation in the Bafq area (The continuation. The beginning in bulletin № 1, 2013)

S.V. Belov, Dr. Sc. (Geology), OAO «Zarubezhgeologiya», N.V. Vladykin, Dr. Sc. (Geology), D.A. Jakovlev, Can. Sc. (Geology), the Institute of Geochemistry, the Siberian Branch, RAS

Iron-oxide-phosphorous-rare earth elements mineralisation in the Bafq area located in the central part of Iran is described. Deposits of the area are prospected and were studied by Russian geologists and contain large reserves of iron ores and phosphorous. Their feature is broad presence at the ores of rare earth elements. Connection of deposits with manifestations of nonconventional types of carbonatites – similar to the Mongolian objects – is supposed. There are probable relatives connections of mineralization in the Bafq area with family of iron-oxide-gold-copper deposits.

Keywords: Bafq area, Iran, ores of iron, phosphorous, rare earth elements, carbonatites, iron-oxide-gold-copper deposits (IOCG deposits).

Water Resources

Federal Target Program (FTP) «Volga Revival» as the basis of the project «Sustainable Development of the Volga-Caspian Region»

M.Ja. Lemeshev, Prof.-Dr. Sc.(Economy), the Academician, the Academy of Natural Sciences (RAAS), A.A Maksimov, B.S. Maslov, Prof.-Dr. Sc.(Engin.), the Academician, RAAS

Based on the analysis of the federal program «Revival of the Volga» the article shows the fallacy of solutions to close it. There are a flawed alternative projects – UNESCO Project «Sustainable Development of the Volga-Caspian Region» and the project «CABRI-Volga». The authors propose the idea of a single national project «Sustainable Development of the Volga-Caspian region».

Keywords: Federal Target Program «Revival of the Volga», the UNESCO project «Sustainable Development of the Volga-Caspian Region», EU project «CABRI-Volga», Volga basin management mechanisms.

Land Resources and Soils

Biodiagnostics sustainability of ecological functions of different genesis soils to technogenic influence

S.I. Kolesnikov, Dr. Sc.(Agricul.), K.Sh. Kazeev, Dr. Sc.(Engin.), T.A. Denisova, Dr. Sc.(Biology.), E.V. Dadenko, Can. Sc. (Biology), the Cathedra of ecology and nature management, the Southern Federal University

A method of biodiagnostic of soil resistance to technogenic impacts and their valuation on the degree of violation of soil ecological functions is proposed.

Keywords: soil biodiagnostics, environmental regulation, integral component of the biological status of soils, soil stability.

Forest Resources

Environmental regulation of forest quality in the Moscow region (The continuation. The beginning in bulletin № 1, 2013)

T.V. Chernenkova, Dr. Sc. (Biology), N.N. Levitskaya, Can. Sc. (Biology), the Center for Forest Ecology and Productio, RAS

A method for the polycriterial assessment of indicators and their importance in the forest management nearly Moscow, the largest megalopolis, is proposed. A series of indices characterising the state of the forest cover, disturbing factors and measures for the preservation of the necessary biodiversity level is discussed. Based on the available data of official and independent sources (spectrozonal pictures), the state of the forest cover has been assessed. The relations between the state of forests and different anthropogenic loads were calculated for different municipal districts of the Moscow region. The efficiency of the existing system of special protected natural areas in terms of preserving the biodiversity of regional forests has been estimated too.

Keywords: indicators of forest management, methods of remote sensing, forests of Moscow region (Moscowskya oblast).

Water Biological Resources

Results of scientific research conducted fisheries scientific research organizations of the Federal Agency of Fisheries (Rosrybolovstvo) in 2012

E.V. Muravyova, National Information Agency Natural Resources (NIA-Priroda)

Presents the results of scientific work carried out in 2012 research organisations of Rosrybolovstvo considered March 18, 2013 at the annual expanded collegium of Rosrybolovstvo «The results of the Federal Agency for Fisheries in 2012 and tasks for 2013».

Keywords: fishery scientific research institutes, study of water biological (aquatic) resources, assessment of stocks, total allowable catch, possible catch, preservation and reproduction of water biological (aquatic) resources, monitoring of water biological (aquatic) resources.

Climatic Resources

The activities of Roshydromet in 2012 and tasks for 2013

A.V. Frolov, Can.Sc. (Geogr.), the Head, the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environment Monitoring (Roshydromet)

There is the report of the Head of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet) A.V. Frolov on the expanded board of Roshydromet and the Executive Committee of the Central Committee of the Russian Trade Union of Aviation Workers (February 20, 2013, Moscow), which summarized the activities of the Hydrometeorological Service of Russia for 2012 and certain prospects of its further development.

Keywords: hydrometeorological forecasts, severe weather events, state monitoring network, monitoring of environmental pollution, activity of territorial bodies, research activities, expeditions, international cooperation.

Environmental Protection

The financial risk-management at remediation of the polluted industrial territories

I.K. Iajlev, the docent of the cathedra, the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU)

In the article there are considered risks arising during performance of environmental remediation actions for polluted industrial territories and risk-management methods. The participants of process of ecological restoration of the polluted territories face the risks which realisation may threaten their remediation. There can be risks of detection before unknown pollution that can cause additional financial costs. Therefore for creation of the guaranteed mechanism of remediation of the polluted industrial territories effective mechanisms of risk-management, in particular environmental insurance, is necessary.

Keywords: environmental insurance, risk-management, historical (cumulation) environmental damage, financial risks, remediation, environmental risks.

Program Outline eliminate pressures on the polluted areas of Franz Josef Land archipelago in the years 2012-2020 (The continuation. The beginning in bulletin № 1, 2013)

D.A. Dzhangirov, Dr.Sc. (Econom.), the Council for the Study of Productive Forces, the Ministry of Economic Development of Russian Federation and the Russian Academy of Sciences

The problems of the negative environmental impact on the islands of the archipelago of Franz Josef Land were considered. The results carried out in 2011-2012 analytical and geoenvironmental studies in order to efforts to clean up the contaminated areas of the islands. The structure of programs to eradicate the sources of negative impacts and assessment of funding requirements.

Keywords: environment, impact, archipelago of Franz Josef Land, pollution, waste, environmental activities, programs, funding.

Recreational Resources

Opportunity analysis of ecologically acceptable location of the industrial transport infrastructure in the Khibiny mountain (Murmansk Region) (The continuation. The beginning in bulletin № 1, 2013)

A.A. Tishkov, Prof.-Dr.Sc.(Geograph.), N.A. Sobolev, Can.Sc. (Geograph.), S.V. Titova, the Institute of Geography, RAS, N.A. Konstantinov, Prof.-Dr.Sc. (Biology), N.E. Koroleva, Can.Sc. (Biology), V.A. Kostina, the Polar Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute, the Kola Science Centre, RAS, E.A. Shvarts, Dr.Sc.(Geograph.), K.N. Kobyakov, The World Wildlife Fund (WWF Russia), V.N. Petrov, the Kola Wildlife Conservation Center, M.A. Vikulina, Can.Sc. (Geograph.), S.K. Konyaev, the Khibiny Educational and Scientific Base, the Geographical Faculty, the Moscow State University, L.G. Isaeva, Can.Sc. (Agricul.), the Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, the Kola Science Centre, RAS, O.V. Petrova, the Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, the Kola Science Centre, RAS, the Kola Wildlife Conservation Center, E.P. Gurina, Closed Joint Stock Company «Rosengineering»

The article describes the various options of mineral transporting from apatite deposit «Partomchorr» wich is located in the north part of Khibiny mountain (Kola peninsula) to mining and processing plant «Oleny ruchey» in the southern part of it. For searching the ecologically optimal variant there was made a complex comparison for 4 main transport ways. The parameters were: length of the road including avalanche areas; amount of rare species plants and lichen habitats and their density in the direct neighborhood from the road; amount of watercourses and watersheds disturbed by road; shape index modification of natural protected areas and other.

Keywords: Khibiny mountain, flora, vegetation, recreation, protected areas, mining industry, road construction.

Geodesy and Cartography

Cartographic support of the system of specially protected natural areas in Russia

N.A. Alexeenko, Can.Sc. (Geogr.), the Faculty of Geography, the Moscow State University

On the basis of conducted, over 13 years of research, the author put forward proposals for the conceptual development of scientifically-based system of comprehensive cartographic support of specially protected natural territories of Russia.

Keywords: cartography, specially protected natural territories, mapping software, map database.

AUTHORITIES AND NATURE

In the Presidential Administration

In the Federal Assembly

In the Government

NATURE AND HUMAN SOCIETY

Anniversaries

About the life and work of the great scientist

V.S. Chesnokov, Can.Sc. (Economy), the Commission on Scientific Heritage of the Academician V.I. Vernadsky, the Russian

Academy of Science (RAS), N.G. Rybalskiy, Dr.Sc. (Biology), the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Ecology (RAE)

The article is devoted to the path of life, scientific ideas and works of V.I. Vernadsky – the greatest thinkers of our time, «Lomonosov of XX century», the creator of such new scientific disciplines and directions as geochemistry, biogeochemistry, radiogeology. Teachings V.I. Vernadsky’s living matter, the biosphere and its transformation into the noosphere worldwide recognized theoretical basis for environmentally sustainable development of mankind.

Keywords: V.I. Vernadsky, the biosphere, the noosphere, geochemistry, biogeochemistry, radiogeology, the inventory of natural resources, the Commission for the Study of Natural Productive Forces (KEPS), the State Radium Institute.

Intornational Cooperation

Joint Russian-Mongolian studies of the hydrogeological conditions of Mongolia

S.M. Golubev, Can. Sc. (Geology), ROSGIDROGEO, R.J. Koldysheva, Can. Sc. (Geology), JSC «VNIIZARUBEZHGEOLOGIA»

Presented the basic results of the Russian-Mongolian studies of the hydrogeological conditions, the using of groundwater in Mongolia, including transboundary basin of the Lake Baikal. Accumulated extensive materials of the ground water in various parts of the country. In order to ensure the growing needs of water consumption indicated the main promising areas of Russian-Mongolian hydrogeological studies.

Keywords: groundwater, hydrogeological conditions, the Russian-Mongolian cooperation, results and prospects of the use of groundwater.

Human Society and Nature

Formation of ecological culture at the turn of centuries

S.N. Glazachev, Prof.-Dr.Sc. (Pedagog.), the Director, the Scientific and technologies educational center of ecological culture, the Sholokhov Moscow State University for the Humanities 15 years ago the UN Program on environment the Russian Federation did the honor – Moscow is called the capital of the World day of environment (Moscow – VDOS-98). The Moscow declaration on formation of the ecological culture became the first and very important result of inclusion into a sociocultural context of values and meanings of ecological culture was adopted.

Keywords: Moscow declaration on ecological culture, World day of environment, ecological culture of production and consumption, culture of interaction, global partnership, solidarity.

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