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2010 / 5

Вид издания:  Сборник статей

NATURE

General Problems of Nature Management

Deformation of NatureResource Potential in the postSoviet Russia

B. N. Luzgin, Prof.Dr. Sc.(Geograp.), Can. Sc.(Geology),the GeographicFaculty, the State University of Altai (ASU)

The history of territorial transformations in Russia at the main stages of development, accompanied by radical deformations in natureresource systems is observed. Causal and effect dependence of resource systems degradation in biome, power and industrial spheres is analyzed. It is shown that exhaustion of resources depends on ways and methods of operation, its intensity and completeness. Stability of natureresource base in modern Russia is discussed in this work.

Keywords: Russia, natureresource potential, mineral rawmaterial base, deformation, degradation, stability.

Mineral Resources

Priority Directions of the Geological Branch of Russia

Priority directions of geological branch of Russia according to Strategy of development of geological branch till 2030, confirmed by the Order of the Governmental of the Russian Federation (from 6/21/2010 № 1039) are presented.

Keywords: mineral base (МB), geological (prospecting) works (GPW); mineral base reproduction (MBR), studying of entrails (mineral resources), the geological information.

Water Resources

Economic Relations in the Use of Water Resources – Tax or Paying Ways of Improvement

Y. G. Grigoryev, Dr. Sc. (Economy), the Head, the Division of regional problems of use and protection of water resources, Council for the Study of Productive Forces, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation and the Russian Academy of Science

Possible directions of improving economic relations in the use of water resources are discussed, contradictory character of existing system of charges is mentioned, possible scenarios of economic relations development are analyzed from the point of view of selffinancing of water economy system.

Keywords: use of water resources, economics, water economy, tax, price

Water Resource Component of Social and Economic Development of the Russian Regions (The continuation. The beginning in bulletin, № 4, 2010)

V.F. Fomina, Can. Sc. (Engin.), Senior scientific employee, the Bioresource economy and social ecology laboratory, the Institute of Social, Economic and Power Problems of the North, the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences( Syktyvkar)

Land Resources and Soils

Mechanisms of Neutralization of Risks and Use Resources of Maintenance of the Food Safety of Russian Regions

I.P. Kruzhilin, the Academician, RAAS (the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences), the Honored worker of a science of the Russian Federation, the AllRussian Research Institute of Irrigative Agriculture, RAAS,

К.Н. Kulik, the Academician, RAAS, the Honored worker of a science of the Russian Federation, the AllRussian Research Institute of Agroand Forest Melioration, RAAS,

I.P. Svintsov, the Academician, RAAS, Branch of Land Improvement, Water and Forestry, RAAS,

V.V. Melikhov, Dr. Sc. (Agrical.), the Honored worker of agriculture of the Russian Federation, the AllRussian Research Institute of Irrigative Agriculture, RAAS

In article offers on liquidation of food dependence (dependence on import) of the Russian Federation by introduction of principles of adaptivelandscape system of agriculture, increase in a share of the meliorated (including irrigated) territories are considered.

Keywords: dependence on import, degradation of the soils, adaptive and landscape agriculture, complex land melioration

Fires of Drained Peatlands: Reasons, Results, Preventive Measures, Rehabilitation

F.R. Zaidelman, Prof.Dr. Sc. (Agricul.), the Faculty of Soil Science, the Moscow State University

Under consideration is a complex of measures offered by the author to prevent possible fires of drained peat soils. It is very important to use such soils only for meadow grass cultivation with rotations enriched by perennial grasses. No cases of black crop growing are possible on peatlands. Secondly, reclamation of peat soils must be implemented only under conditions of the doublesided regulation of the water regime. The drained peat soils require the optimum system of increasing their fertility and finally they must be improved due to sanding for further use in agriculture.

Keywords: degradation in fire danger, fires of peatbogs, peat soils, bilateral regulation of a water mode, polders, entering sand, recultivation (restoration of soil, etc.)

Forest Resources

About Reform of Forest Regulation in Russia (Continuation. The beginning in bulletin, № 3, 4, 2010)

V.V. Strahov, Dr. Sc. (Agricul.), A.I. Pisarenko, the Academician, RAAS (the Russian Academy of Agriculture Sciences)

Biological Resources of a Land

On the Biological, Socioeconomic Peculiarities and Branch Belonging of Game Management of Russia

M.N. Andreyev, Сan. Sc. (Agricul.), the Head, the Division of Game Management Economy and Hunting Tourism, the AllRussian Research Institute of Game Management and Fur Farming, RAAS (Kirov)

The peculiarities of game management and hunting are analyzed from biological and socioeconomic standpoints. The arguments in favor of branch independence of game management and rightfulness of its referring to biological nature management are adduced. As compared with other branches of economic activities the similarity of hunting to fishery is shown.

Keywords: game management, hunting, branch of economy, nature management.

Water Biological Resources

Methodical Questions of Indicators of a Specific Variety of a Phytoplankton: Analysis of Quality of the Bottom

Volga Waters

A.P. Levich, Dr. Sc. (Biology),

D.V. Risnik, postgraduate student,

N.G. Bulgakov, Dr. Sc. (Biology),

E.S. Milko, Can. Sc. (Biology),

A. O. Leonov, postgraduate student, the Faculty of Biology, the Moscow State University

The approbation of methods of bioindication, ecological diagnostics and standardization for evaluation of water quality by data of ecological monitoring in lower Volga is carried out. The indices of species variety of phytoplankton: the parameters of rank distributions of species numbers and the indices of uniformity are used for bioindication. The indices of uniformity proved to be more preferable. Environmental factors, which are significant for ecological trouble, are given. For these factors ecologically tolerable levels (ETL) are calculated, nonobservance of ETL leads to the ecological trouble.

Keywords: bioindication, ecological diagnostics, ecological standardisation, species variety indices, ecologically tolerable levels.

Climatic Resources

Problem of Steady Functioning Rural Economy of Russia in Connection with Global and Regional Climate Changes

A.L. Ivanov, the VicePresident, the Academician, RAAS (the Russian Academy of Agriculture Sciences),

A.A. Zavalin, the AcademicianSecretary, the Branch of Agriculture, RAAS, the Corresponding Member, RAAS,

V.P. Yakushev, the Corresponding Member, RAAS, the Director, the Agrophysical Institute, RAAS

The material prepared for session of presidium RASS, on August, 19th, 2010 on a theme «Global both regional climate changes and the forecast of risks in agriculture of Russia».

Keywords: weather, climate change, global warming climatic anomalies, the forecast, risk, agriculture.

Recreational Resources

The Optimization and Development of the Reserved Areas Network of Russia from Virgin Soils Representing Point of View (Continuation. The beginning in bulletin, № 4, 2010)

O.V. Chernova, Cand. Sc. (Biology), the Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, the Russian Academy of Sciences

Environment Protection

Antropogeneous Change of Floodplain Ecosystems and their Protection

Zh.V. Kuzmina, Dr. Sc. (Geograp.), the Water Problems Institute, the Russian Academy of Sciences,

S.Y. Treshkin, Cand. Sc. (Biology ), the Head, the Division of a forestry and protective wood cultivation, RAAS (the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

For the first time drawn up “Forecasting scheme changes of vegetation in floodplains, broadleaved zone of Central and Eastern Europe under broken of watering areas. For various levels of floodplain stand out stages changes of natural communities as a result of river regulation of lowpressure hydraulic facilities (with a reed to water up to 10 m) and created a “Model of dynamic relationships and the nature of modern state formations of floodplain habitats of broadleaved forest zone, which reflects all the possible transformation of ecosystems, depending on the turf and floodplain processes (of GWL, flooding regime, the nature and extent ferrugination and claying in soils) , gives a presentation on tendencies in natural habitat of floodplain vegetation with longterm prediction of its changes.

Keywords: anthropogenous changes of river flow, ecological floodplain levels, ecosystems, plants indicators of regulated, degradation, negative soil processes, claying.

Geodesy and Cartography

Information profilegeographical model of soil

A.V. Ivanov, Dr. Sc. (Biologe), Senior Researcher,

N.N. Rybalskyi, postgraduated student, the Chair of Soil Geography, the Faculty of Soil Science, Moscow State University

This paper is a review of existing theoretical concepts of modeling in soil science. Were considered the main stages of development of the theory of mathematical description and modeling of soil. Proposed a concept of the evolution of the soil model representations – are considered the classification, physicalmathematical and information models.

Keywords: Soil Information System, a model of the soil, Dokuchaev equation, DokuchaevJenni equation, Gilmanov, McBratney, classification model, physicalmathematical model, information model, information profilegeographical model

AUTHORITIES AND NATURE

In the Presidential Administration

In the Federal

In the Government

NATURE AND HUMAN SOCIETY

Anniversaries and Other

International Cooperation

Geographical Preconditions of Interstate Management of Transboundary Basin of the River Ural (Continuation. The beginning in bulletin, № 4, 2010)

G. T. Sivohip, Can. Sc. (Geograp.),

A.A. Chibilyov, the Corresponding Member, the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Director, The Institute of Steppe, the Ural Division, the Russian Academy of Sciences (Orenburg)

Human Sosciety and Nature

Technological and Political Aspects of the Modern Ecological Policy of Russia

M.Ch. Zalihanov, the deputy of the State Duma, the Academician, the Russian Academy of Sciences,

S.A. Stepanov, the Professor, the International Independent University of Environmental and Political Sciences

The article is dedicated to problems sustainable development, politic on ecology of Russia in condition global change of climate, ecology crisis, also technology and social aspects of ecology of Russia.

Keywords: change of climate, politic on ecology, sustainable development, modern technology

Бюллетень «Использование и охрана природных ресурсов в России»

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